In Hacking News: 3.2 Billion Leaked Passwords Contain 1.5 Million Records and Ties to Government Emails

The News: Findings from Syhunt, an application security assessment firm that helps organizations actively guard their mobile and web apps, reported recently on the biggest known compilation of password leaks by a hacker on an internet form. The 100GB data set, called COMB21 (a/k/a Compilation of Many Breaches) was published on an online forum on February 2, 2021 and the ties to government emails are, at best, alarming. Read more at Syhunt.

In Hacking News: 3.2 Billion Leaked Passwords Contain 1.5 Million Records and Ties to Government Emails

Analyst Take: Online cybercrime forums are where hackers post passwords, links, and other information related to data breaches, and the COMB21 data set is one gigantic data set. This particular data set is the result of data pulled together from a variety of sources and comes from leaks and breaches of a variety of organizations (and government entities) over a fairly significant period of time. The potential impact is — significant. For starters, there were some 3.2 billion passwords from 2.18 million unique emails and 26 million email domains in the COMB21 data. This includes some 1.5 million world government emails and 625,000-ish U.S. government passwords. Gets your attention, doesn’t it?

My colleague and fellow analyst here at Futurum Fred McClimans, and I covered this leak in a recent episode of our Futurum Tech Webcast Cybersecurity Shorts series. You can watch the video conversation here:

Or grab the audio here:

A Look at the Numbers in this Data Compilation

Want to see the numbers? Of course you do. The bulk of the exposed passwords were from .gov email addresses in the United States (625,505 email addresses), .gov.uk email addresses in the U.K. (205,099 email addresses) and .gov.au email addresses in Australia (136,025 email addresses).

The top domains impacted by this leak? All U.S. government agencies, including the following:

In Hacking News. 3.2 Billion Leaked Passwords Contain 1.5 Million Records and Ties to Government Emails
Image credit: The Hacker News

 

Password Leaks Are Window Into Easily Exploitable Human Behavior for Threat Actors

One of the most alarming things about the massive availability of passwords and email addresses, and which we covered in this conversation is that this likely shows hackers a lot about human behavior as it relates to passwords, providing insight on current and past passwords. For instance, one entry in the email/password database might be:

[email protected]
password: 47Fr#8%xyP!

And that same email could be in there again (remember, this is covering a period of perhaps a number of years) like this:

[email protected]
password: 47Fr#8%xyP!1

and again

[email protected]
password: 47Fr#8%xyP!2

People are creatures of habits and are annoyed by password changes. They are predictable and they like the easy button. For threat actors, it would not be hard to break into skramer’s email after just a few attempts once they are able to easily see her password habits/behavior. This is also true for the thousands of people who insist on using the same password across multiple sites. Once a hacker has one iteration of a user name/password, it’s not at all difficult to try it in multiple places. This is bad enough at the enterprise level (or in any organization) but we’re talking about government entities, and the problem is a big one.

In its coverage of this breach, Syhunt pointed out the danger of deep learning tools being applied to the COMB leak, which increases the risk exponentially. Bottom line, 100 gigs of 3.2 billion leaked passwords, leading directly to government entities across the world is about as serious as it gets.

If cybersecurity is your thing, make sure to subscribe to our webcast. You’ll find us on YouTube and can easily subscribe to the Cybersecurity Shorts playlist here.

You can grab the podcast on your podcast channel of choice and also subscribe.

Disclaimer: The Futurum Tech Webcast is for information and entertainment purposes only. Over the course of this podcast, we may talk about companies that are publicly traded and we may even reference that fact and their equity share price, but please do not take anything that we say as a recommendation about what you should do with your investment dollars. We are not investment advisors and we do not ask that you treat us as such.

More Insights from Futurum Research:

China-Linked VPN Hack, Bipartisan Cybersecurity Efforts, New Study From HP On Nation-State Cyber Incidents And More 

SAP Cyberattack Currently Underway Exploits Known Security Vulnerabilities

Bipartisan Lawmakers Work Toward Disclosure Bill For Cybersecurity Breaches 

Author Information

Shelly Kramer is a serial entrepreneur with a technology-centric focus. She has worked alongside some of the world’s largest brands to embrace disruption and spur innovation, understand and address the realities of the connected customer, and help navigate the process of digital transformation.

Related Insights
Intel Foundry Lands Fortinet SP6 as Custom Silicon Validation
July 22, 2026

Intel Foundry Lands Fortinet SP6 as Custom Silicon Validation

Brendan Burke and Fernando Montenegro, analysts at Futurum, share their insights on the Intel-Fortinet SP6 collaboration, what it validates about Intel Foundry's custom silicon strategy, and why the supply chain...
Thales Strengthens Industrial Presence in Germany with Major Defense Contract
July 22, 2026

Thales Strengthens Industrial Presence in Germany with Major Defense Contract

Thales secured a major German defense contract, strengthening its European presence as a key sovereign supplier amid rising defense spending across the continent....
Fortinet's AI Controls Join the Field. Can Integration Set Them Apart?
July 21, 2026

Fortinet’s AI Controls Join the Field. Can Integration Set Them Apart?

Fernando Montenegro, VP at Futurum, examines why FortiEndpoint's consolidated AI controls are a real buyer win, while platform and SASE integration, not the individual features, will decide whether Fortinet stands...
SCSK Security Launches Prisma Browser to Enhance Cloud Security
July 21, 2026

SCSK Security Launches Prisma Browser to Enhance Cloud Security

SCSK Security Corporation launches Prisma Browser Deployment Support Service, enabling enterprises to implement cloud access control and data protection through standard web browsers, positioning itself to capture meaningful channel partner...
CMMC Pause Signals Compliance Risks for Defense Contractors
July 17, 2026

CMMC Pause Signals Compliance Risks for Defense Contractors

The DoD's CMMC Phase 2 pause has not suspended core federal data protection obligations for Defense Industrial Base contractors. Magna5 urges DIB firms to use this window to close NIST...
Why Ignoring Security in AI Deployments Could Cost You More Than You Think
July 16, 2026

Why Ignoring Security in AI Deployments Could Cost You More Than You Think

Organizations deploying AI without robust security risk data breaches, regulatory failure, and reputational damage—Concentrix shows why integrating security from the start costs less than treating it as an afterthought....

Book a Demo

Welcome

The vision behind everything in Futurum’s Custom Research practice is this: research should show you what is happening, what comes next, and what to do about it. It should be personal to each audience, easy for people to grasp, and structured so LLMs can reason over it accurately. And it should be fast and turnkey; you want answers now, not another project to carry for quarters.

Whether you are defining business, channel, or go-to-market strategy; evaluating vendors or justifying ROI; or commissioning research to fill an emerging market need, we have your back, with a program that answers your questions with the objectivity and credibility to drive real decisions.

To do it, we bring unmatched data to bear: Futurum research, surveys, and market projections; validated market feeds; ETR’s 15 years of insight from 10,000 technology decision-makers; G2’s buyer and user data; and what our analysts hear every day. Add leading primary collection, from AI-moderated voice interviews to surveys and analyst-led interviews, all turnkey, and every project comes out credible, nuanced, and actionable.

And we don’t just drop the results in your lap. For internal work, we provide analyst-led sessions, interactive dashboards, and a range of formats. For market-facing work, Futurum delivers turnkey activation and amplification that actually gets seen, by people and by LLMs, through our media and share of voice. This is research that moves decisions and markets.

We will meet you wherever you are, from a fast-turn brief to a multi-year program, and shape the work to your goals, timeline, and budget. The right program for your moment.

If any of this is useful, I would love to talk.

Benjamin Brown, VP Custom Research, Futurum Research

Benjamin Brown

VP, Custom Research · The Futurum Group

Newsletter Sign-up Form

Get important insights straight to your inbox, receive first looks at eBooks, exclusive event invitations, custom content, and more. We promise not to spam you or sell your name to anyone. You can always unsubscribe at any time.

All fields are required






Thank you, we received your request, a member of our team will be in contact with you.